1️⃣ Maximum authorized masses ⚖️
📍 Maximum mass per axle
| Axle type | Maximum mass |
|---|---|
| Non-driven axle | 10 tonnes |
| Driven axle (general) | 11.5 tonnes |
| Driven axle (intercity buses Class II & III) | 12.6 tonnes |
| Driven axle (urban buses Class I) | 13 tonnes |
| Twin axle < 1 m | 11 tonnes |
| Twin axle 1 m to <1.30 m | 16 tonnes |
| Twin axle 1.30 m to <1.80 m | 18 tonnes |
| Twin axle with air suspension + dual tires | Up to 19 tonnes |
📍 Maximum vehicle mass (MMA)
- 🚌 2-axle bus (Class II & III): 19.5 t
- 🚌 2-axle bus (Class I – urban): 20 t
- 🚌 Rigid 3-axle bus: 26 t (up to 27 t if using alternative fuel)
- 🚌 Articulated 3-axle bus: 28 t
- 🚌 Rigid 4-axle bus with special conditions: 32 t
🚫 Traffic restrictions
- It is forbidden to drive 4-axle vehicles whose MMA exceeds 5 times the distance between the outermost axles.
- Exceeding 9 kg/cm² pressure on the pavement is prohibited.
2️⃣ Maximum vehicle and load dimensions 📐
- 📏 General height: 4 m
- 📏 Urban buses (Class I): 4.20 m
- ↔️ General width: 2.55 m
- ↔️ Buses for prisoner transport: 2.60 m
📏 Maximum length
- 🚍 Rigid 2-axle bus: 13.50 m
- 🚍 Rigid bus with >2 axles: 15 m
- 🚍 Articulated bus or with trailer: 18.75 m
📛 Buses >12 m must carry the reflective V-6 sign at the rear, indicating special length.
3️⃣ Passenger transport 👨👩👧👦
- 🚫 The authorized number of seats and the MMA must not be exceeded.
- 🚷 Transporting people outside designated seats is prohibited.
🔗 Use of seat belts
- Mandatory for everyone over 3 years old in seats fitted with belts.
- ❗ Must be properly fastened both in urban areas and on highways.
- 👨⚕️ Exempt: drivers while reversing or people with a medical certificate.
4️⃣ Rules for users and staff 👮♂️
👥 Prohibited for passengers
- Distracting the driver.
- Entering/exiting through unauthorized places.
- Boarding if the vehicle is full.
- Transporting animals except guide dogs 🐕🦺
- Disobeying the driver or the person in charge.
🧑✈️ Driver obligations
- Stop smoothly near the curb.
- Do not open doors until completely stopped.
- Avoid distractions and ensure passenger safety.
5️⃣ Passenger transport stations 🏢
Stations must have:
- 🚍 Separate access for vehicles and pedestrians
- 🛑 Covered bays and platforms
- 🪑 Separate waiting areas
- 🚻 Restrooms and ticket offices
6️⃣ Types of transport and authorizations 📝
🛣️ Classification
- 🟢 Public: on behalf of others and for payment
- 🔵 Private: on one’s own account as a complement
- 📆 Regular: with fixed timetables and routes
- ⚙️ Discretionary: without fixed timetables or routes
🔐 Requirements for authorizations
- EU nationality or professional permit
- Legal personality and independence
- Domicile in Spain
- Vehicle less than 2 years old
- Electronic address available
- Financial capacity: €9,000 + €5,000 per additional vehicle
- Certificate of professional competence
7️⃣ Types of public passenger transport 🚍
- 🟩 General use: anyone
- 🟨 Special use: schoolchildren, workers, military
- 🟦 Temporary: under contract with an end date
8️⃣ Discretionary passenger transport 📋
Freely contracted, usually for the entire vehicle. In some cases, by individual seat. Buses cannot be rented without a driver (cars excepted).
9️⃣ Urban transport 🏙️
Regulated by each municipality. Carried out within the municipal boundary; includes regular lines and public or discretionary transport.
🔟 Tourist transport 🧳
- Offered together with other tourist services
- 💡 If it coincides with a regular line, the price must be 30% higher
- 🚫 It cannot modify the conditions of the regular contract
1️⃣1️⃣ International transport 🌍
Must comply with international conventions and EU cabotage rules. Requires a Community license or valid Spanish authorization.
1️⃣2️⃣ Logbook 📘
- 📏 Minimum size: 30 × 20 cm
- 📅 Capacity: at least 50 sheets
- 📍 Must be validated and kept for 1 year after use
1️⃣3️⃣ Complementary private transport 🔄
- Complementary to the main activity
- Must be carried out with own vehicles and drivers
- 📄 Cannot be invoiced separately
1️⃣4️⃣ Cases without mandatory authorization 🚫
- Vehicles with VMA ≤ 40 km/h
- Vehicles with built-in machinery
- Official, funeral, health services
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