1️⃣ Loading and Unloading Operations 🏗️
- ✅ They must be carried out off the roadway, except in exceptional cases.
- 🚫 Parking in double file or on the shoulder of interurban roads is prohibited.
- 📍 Do it from the side closest to the edge of the carriageway.
- ⏱️ Load/unload quickly, avoiding noise, nuisance or danger.
- 🚫 Depositing goods on the carriageway, shoulder or pedestrian areas is prohibited.
- ⚠️ Dangerous, harmful or nuisance goods must follow specific regulations.
2️⃣ Load Stowage 📐
📊 Proper stowage is vital for road safety and the integrity of the vehicle:
- ⚖️ Distribute the load with a low center of gravity.
- 🔒 Secure it firmly to prevent shifting or tipping.
- 🌊 Use caution when transporting liquids (sloshing) or animals (live movement).
- 🚫 Do not exceed the vehicle’s MMA (Maximum Authorized Mass).
- 🧱 Light loads at the front; heavy loads over the rear axle.
3️⃣ Securing the Load 🔗
The load must withstand forces in the following proportions:
- ➡️ In the direction of travel: 0.8 × weight
- ⬅️ Opposite the direction of travel: 0.5 × weight
- ↔️ Lateral: 0.5 × weight
🔧 Securing Systems
- Attachment: container, steel cages
- Local immobilization: against fixed parts or using chocks
- General immobilization: filling gaps (wood preferred)
- Direct lashing: with pre-tensioned straps or cables
- Top lashing: friction-based tension; requires rechecking
📘 Instruction 18/TV-103: stowage is the responsibility of the loader, unless stated otherwise. For light parcels, it is the carrier’s responsibility.
4️⃣ How Far the Load May Project 📏
🚗 Vehicles NOT exclusively intended for the carriage of goods:
- 🔹 Divisible load: up to 10% of the vehicle length
- 🔹 Indivisible load: up to 15%
🚛 Vehicles intended for the carriage of goods:
| Type | Maximum overhang |
|---|---|
| Length ≤ 5 m | 1/3 at the front and rear |
| Length > 5 m | 2 m front, 3 m rear |
| Lateral overhang | Max. 0.40 m per side, total width ≤ 2.55 m |
🧩 What is considered an indivisible load?
✔️ Items that cannot be divided without risk or excessive cost, or that exceed the maximum dimensions.
5️⃣ Load Signaling 🚨
🔆 Daytime and good weather
- ➡️ Front: no signal required
- ⬅️ Rear: V-20 panel (1 or 2 panels in an inverted V)
🌙 Night or low visibility
- ➡️ Front: white light
- ⬅️ Rear: red light + V-20
- ↔️ Side: white (front) and red (rear) lights + reflectors
🚘 Vehicles < 1 m wide
They do not need to mark a load that overhangs at the rear.
6️⃣ Door Safety 🚪
- 🚫 Driving with doors open is prohibited
- 🔐 Only open them when the vehicle is stationary
- 👈 Always enter/exit from the side nearest the curb
7️⃣ Reminder: Maximum Dimensions and Masses 📏⚖️
- 📏 Length: max. 12 m (except buses)
- 📏 Height: max. 4 m (up to 4.50 m in some cases)
- 📏 Width: max. 2.55 m or 2.60 m depending on type
- 📛 Vehicles > 12 m must carry the V-6 sign
📍 Related signs
- ⛔ Length limitation
- ⛔ Height limitation
- ⛔ Width limitation
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