1️⃣ Obligation to help others
The law requires you to render assistance or call for help if you witness or are involved in an accident. Failing to do so may constitute a crime. 👮♂️
- 📞 Call for help if there are victims
- ⚠️ Reduce risks and cooperate with the authorities
- 🚫 Do not tamper with evidence if there are fatalities or serious injuries
2️⃣ PAS response: Protect, Alert, and Assist
🛡️ Protect
- Stop your vehicle in a safe area
- Wear a reflective vest and mark the scene with warning triangles 🚨
- Switch off the engine of the crashed vehicle
- Avoid hazards such as fire, fuel, etc.
📢 Alert
Call 112 and provide the following information:
- 📍 Exact location of the accident
- 👥 Number of victims and severity
- 🆔 Your personal details
🤝 Assist
Give help only if you know how. Do not move the injured unless there is imminent danger.
- 😵 Attend first to the unconscious or those with heavy bleeding
- 💨 Assess vital functions (ABC: Airway, Breathing, Circulation)
- 💉 Control bleeding with pressure or a tourniquet
- 🔥 In burns, do NOT remove clothing or pop blisters
3️⃣ Common situations
🚗 Move an injured person?
Only if there is an immediate life-threatening risk. Keep the neck and spine aligned.
🏥 Unconscious casualty who is breathing
Place them in the recovery position (PLS) to prevent asphyxiation.
🚑 Unconscious casualty who is not breathing
Perform CPR with 30 compressions and 2 rescue breaths.
💔 Bleeding and shock
Stop the bleeding, elevate limbs, do not give fluids, and monitor vital signs.
🦴 Fractures
Do not move or manipulate broken bones. Immobilize only if you know how.
🔥 Burns
Cool with cold water, cover with moist dressings, and watch for signs of shock.
4️⃣ With the authorities 👮♀️
- Show documentation and answer truthfully
- Cooperate with breath/drug tests
- Provide your details if there is only property damage
5️⃣ Moving and transporting the injured
Only if help is not arriving or the casualty’s condition worsens. Do it with several people and in a safe vehicle.
🧰 Recommended first-aid kit
Include: gloves, gauze pads, bandages, scissors, adhesive tape, disinfectant, etc.
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